The @LocalClient annotation (org.apache.openejb.api.LocalClient) is an innovation that crosses concepts of an Java EE Application Client with a plain Java SE client. This particular annotation is focused on clients of an Embeddable EJB container, i.e. local clients. There is another annotation in development called @RemoteClient that will be focused on remote clients; clients running outside the vm the container runs.

Any clients annotated with @LocalClient will be scanned at deployment time for usage of injection-related annotations. The references in the @LocalClient will be processed with the application just as if the class was a Java EE Application Client module, but with a few slight differences:

1. Declaring field/method injection points as 'static' is not required
2. References to EntityManagers via @PersistenceContext are allowed
3. References to local business interfaces via @EJB is allowed
4. References to UserTransaction via @Resource is allowed

As well since this is not a heavyweight Java EE Application Client, you are not required to use any special packaging or command-line parameters to run the client. Your client can be a Unit Test or any plain java code that needs to pull objects from the Embedded EJB container. Classes with @LocalClient can be placed in a Client module or an EJB module. A given module may have as many classes annotated with @LocalClient as it wishes.

Injection

The injection occurs via acquiring a LocalInitialContext via the LocalInitialContextFactory and calling bind("inject", instance) passing in the instantiated local client object:

@LocalClient
public class MoviesTest extends TestCase {

    @EJB
    private Movies movies;

    @Resource
    private UserTransaction userTransaction;

    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager entityManager;

    public void setUp() throws Exception {
    Properties p = new Properties();
    p.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "org.apache.openejb.client.LocalInitialContextFactory");
    InitialContext initialContext = new InitialContext(p);
    initialContext.bind("inject", this);
    }

    //... other test methods
}

Discovery

All EJB modules are scanned for @LocalClient classes, even if those EJB Modules are inside .war files as with the Collapsed EAR . As well any modules that contain a META-INF/application-client.xml file will be scanned for @LocalClient classes.

If you see the following error message and are absolutely sure the module containing your @LocalClient class is being properly identified as an EJB module or a Client module, than it is possible you are seeing some classloading issues.